Neurobiology Neurobiology is the study of cells of the nervous system and the organization of these cells into functional circuits that process information and mediate behavior. · It is a subdiscipline of both biology and neuroscience . · Neurobiology differs from neuroscience, a much broader field that is concerned with any scientific study of the nervous system. · Neurons are cells that are specialized to receive, propagate, and transmit electro-chemical impulses. · In the human brain alone, there are over a hundred billion neurons. · Neurons are diverse with respect to morphology and function.